Some neurologists receive subspecialty training focusing on a particular area of the fields, these training programs are called fellowships, and are one to two years.

All cardiologists study the disorders of the heart, but the study of adult and child heart disorders are trained to take care of small children and adult heart disease.

Pathology is the study of disease, it is the bridge between science and medicine. Also it underpins every aspect of patient care, from diagnostic testing and treatment.